chmod

chmod changes mode bits on one or more paths. The form is a permission set, optional switches, then the path list.

chmod <permission-set> [switches] <path> [, ..]

Permission set

Who:

  • a — all
  • u — user (owner)
  • g — group
  • o — others

Then + to add or - to remove, then the permission.

Recursive

-R applies the change recursively.

All access

chmod 777 -R . grants all access (RWX) on the current directory tree.

chmod 777 -R .
Updated: 2026 Aug 19